The Hermetic Museum, Restored and Enlarged

You deserved such treatment, because you would not obey. Mercury: l never yet disobeyed a philosopher, but I cannot help laughing at fools. .4/cLemzst: And what is your opinion of me? Jercury: Oh Master, your Worship is a great man, and mighty philosopher, greater by far than Hermes, both in doctrine and wisdom. .4/cezzst: Well, I won't praise myself, but I certainly am a learned man. My wife says so too. She always calls me a profoundly learned philosopher. ZZercury : I quite believe you. For philosophers are men whom too much learning and thought have made mad. — 4/cAezzzs? : Tell me, what am I to do with you? How am I to make you into the Philosopher's Stone? Jereury: Oh, my master philosopher, that I cannot tell. You are a philosopher, I am the philosopher's humble slave. Whatever he wishes to make me, I become, as far as my nature will allow. — 4/cZezzzsz : This is all very fine, but I repeat that you must tell me how to treat you, and whether you can become the Philosopher's Stone. /fercury : Mr. Philosopher, if you know, you can make it, and if you don't you can't, From me you cannot learn anything with which you have been unacquainted beforehand. — A/cAezzst: You talk to me as to a simple person. Perhaps you do not know that I have lived at the courts of great princes, and have always been regarded as a very profound philosopher.

/Zereury: I readily believe you, my Master, for the filth of your brilliant experiments still cleaves to me. ./clemzst: Tell me, then, are you the Mercury of the Sages? Mercury: l am Mercury, but you should know best, whether I am the Mercury of you philosophers. A/ckemzst: Tell me only whether you are the true Mercury, or whether there is another? ZZercury: | am Mercury, but there is also another. With these words, the Mercury vanished. The Alchemist shouts and calls aloud, but there is no answer. At last he is fain to derive some little comfort from the thought that he has had speech of Mercury, and therefore must be very dear to it. With this thought he once more sets himself to sublime, distil, calcine, precipitate, and dissolve the Mercury in the most awful manner, and with different sorts of waters. But his efforts turned out failures, and mere waste of time. Then he began to curse Mercury, and to blaspheme Nature for creating it. When Nature heard this, she called Mercury to her, and asked him what

he had done to the Alchemist, and why he would not obey him. Mercury humbly protested his innocence. Nature admonished hin to obey the Sons of Knowledge: who sought to know her. Mercury promised that he would do so,but added :*Mother Nature, who can satisfy fools?" Nature smiled, and departed. Mercury, indignant with our Alchemist, returned also to his own place. The philosopher presently appeared with some excrements of swine, and was proceeding to ply Mercury therewith, when the latter thus wrathfully accosted him: * What do you want of me, you fool? Why did you accuse me?" AZelemzst: Are you he whom I so much desiretosee? 7Zereury: | am ; but blind people cannot behold me. ZZc£emzst: l am not blind. Jereury: You are as blind as a new-born puppy. You cannot see yourself: how then should you be able to see me? — Z/eAezzst : Oh, now you are proud and despise me because I speak humbly. Perhaps you do not know that I have lived at the courts of princes, and have always been called a philosopher? ZJZereury: The gates of princes stand wide for fools; and it is they that fare sumptuously in the palaces of the great. I quite believe that you have been at court. JA/ckemst: You are, undoubtedly, the Devil, and not a good Mercury, if you speak like that to philosophers. Mercury: Now,in confidence, tell me whether you are acquainted ,with any philosophers.

.4/eLemzst: Do you ask this of me, when you are aware that I am myself a philosopher? Z7Zereury (smiling): Behold the Philosopher! ^ Well, my philosopher, what do you seek, and what would you have? A/eAemzst: The Philosopher's Stone. JZerceury: Of what substance would you make it?, .4/ckemzst: Of our Mercury. Zercury: Oh, my philosopher, then I had better go: for Iam not yours! cest - You are none but the Devil, and wish to lead me astray. Mercury: Well,my philosopher, I think I may return the compliment: you have played the very devil with me. 4/c&emzst : Oh, what do I hear? "This is most certainly the Devil. For I have done everything most scientifically, according to the writings of the Sages. Jerewry: Truly, you are a wonderful operator; your performances exceed your knowledge by as much as they defy the authorities which you have in your books. For they say that substances should be mixed only with substances of a kindred nature. But you have mixed me, against Nature,

THE NEW CHEMICAL LIGHT. 1d with dung and other foul things, and are indifferent about defiling yourself so long as you can torture me. Al/cemst : I do nothing against Nature: I only sow the seed in its own proper earth, according to the teaching of the Sages. Zercury : You sow me in dung; at the time of the harvest I vanish, and you reap dung. Verily, you are a good husbandman! Alchemist : Yet the Sages say that their substance is found on the dunghil. JZercury: What they say is true, but you understand only the letter, and not the spirit of their injunctions. Alchemist: Now I see that you are perhaps Mercury. But as you will not obey me, I must once more repeat the words of conjuration : Ux,ux,ostas Mercury (laughing): It is of no use, my friend; your words are as profitable as your works. Afdchemzst : 'They say true when they call you a wonderful and inconstant and volatile substance. Jereury: You call me inconstant. But to the constant I am also constant, and to the man of fixed resolve, I am fixed. But you, and the likes of you, are continually abandoning one substance for another, and are ever vagabonds in experiment. .4/cAemzst: Tell me truly, are you the Mercury which, side by side with sulphur and salt, the philosophers describe as the first principle of all things, or must I look for some other substance?

— 7Zercury : The fruit, when it falls, lies near the tree that bore it. I am the same that I was, except in the matter of age. In the beginning I was young, and I remained so as long as I was alone. Now, I am old, and yet I am the same as ever. I am only older than I was. Alchemzst : | am glad that you are old. For it is a constant and fixed substance that I require, and this also have I invariably sought. JZercury : lt is in vain that you come to the old man whom you did not know as a youth. 4/cAemst: What is this yousay? Did I not know you when you were young? Have I not subjected you to all manner of chemical processes, and shall I not continue to do so till I have prepared the Philosopher's Stone? JZercury: Woeis me! WhatshallIdo? I already scent the foul odour of dung. Woe is me! I beseech you, Master Philosopher, not to ply me with excrements of swine—or the foul smell will drive me hence. And what more do you want of me? Am I not obedient? Do I not mingle with all things that you ask me to amalgamate with? Do I not suffer myself to be sub-

limated, precipitated, amalgamated, calcined? ^ What more can I do? I have submitted to be scourged and spat upon till my miserable plight might move a heart of stone. I have given you milk, blood, flesh, butter, oil, and water. I have done all that any metal or mineral can do. And yet you have no pity on me! Woeis me! A/cemzst: Oho, it does you no harm, you rascal ; you deserve it all richly, for not changing your form, or for resuming the old form after a mere temporary change! Zereury : I.do whatsoever you make me do. If you make me a body, I am a body. If you make me powder, Iam powder. Howcan I be more obedient than I am? — AZekemzst: Tell me, then, what you are in your centre, and I will not torment you any more. Mercury : Y see there is no escape from speaking fundamentally toyou. Ifyou will, you may now understand me. With my Jorm which you see you have nothing to do. My centre is the - fixed heart of all things, immortal and all-pervading. I am a faithful servant to my master, and a faithful friend to my companions, whom I do not desert, and with whom I perish. I am an immortal body. I die when I am slain, but rise to stand before the judgment seat of a discriminating judge. — A/czemzst - Are you then the Philosophers Stone?

/Zercury: My mother is such, and of her is born artificially some one thing—but my brother who lives in the citadel has in his gift that which the Sage desires. /ckemust: Tell me, isyouragegreat? Zercury : My mother bore me, yet I am older than my mother. A/ceuzst : How in all the world am I to understand you, if you answer my questions in dark parables? ^ Tell me in one word, are you that fountain concerning which Bernard, Count of Trevisan, has written? J«Mercury: l am no fountain, but I am water, and the fountain surrounds me. A/cAezzzst: Since you are water, is gold dissolved in you? /«7ercury : Whatever is with me, I love ; and to that which is born with me, I impart nourishment. That which is naked I cover with my wings. cems£: Isee plainly that it is impossible to talk to you. Whatever I ask you, your reply is foreign to the point. If you do not answer my questions better, I will torment you again. ZZercury: Have pity on me, Master, I will gladly tell you all I know. AZcemzsz: Tell me, are you afraid ofthe fire? JZercury : I myself am fire. Aelemist : Why then do you seek to escape from the fire? Mercury :

Because my spirit loves the spirit of the fire, and accompanies it whereverit goes. .A/ckemist: Where do you go when you ascend with the fire? 7ercury: Every pilgrim looks anxiously towards his country and his home. When he has returned unto these he reposes, and he always comes back wiser than he left. A/czezuzst : Do you return, then? ZZereury: Yes, but in another form. Alchemist: Ydo not understand what you mean, nor yet about the fire. Aercury: lf any one knows the fire of my heart, he has seen that fire (proper heat) is my food ; and the longer the spirit of my heart feeds on fire, the fatter will it be: its death is afterwards the life of all things belonging to my kingdom. lchemist : Are you great? /«Mercury : My body, as you must know, can become one drop out of a thousand drops, and, though I am always one, you can divide my body as often as you like. But my spirit, or heart, always produces many thousands of parts out of one part. Z/ckemzst ; How is this to be brought about? After what manner should my operation be performed on you? Jerceury: l1 am fire within; fire is my food and my life ; but the life of fire is air, for without air fire is extinguished. Fire is stronger tban air ; hence [ know not any repose, and crude air can neither coagulate nor restrain me.

Add air to air, so that both become one in even balance ; combine them with fire, and leave the whole to time. AZeemzst : What will happen then? Jercury: Everything superfluous will be removed. "The residue you burn in fire, place in water, " cook," and when it is cooked you give as a medicine, and have no fear. JAuemist: You do not answer my questions. Wife, bring the excrements of swine, and we will see whether we can get the better of his stubbornness.

In his utmost extremity, Mercury called in the help of Nature, amidst much lamentation and mourning over these threats of our admirable Alchemist. He impeaches the thankless operator; Nature trusts her son, Mercury, whom she knows to be true and faithful, and comes full of wrath to the Alchemist, calling him imperiously before her. —A/ckemist: Who calls me? . Nature: What are you doing to my son, arch-fool that you are? Why do you torment him? He is willing to give you every blessing, if you can understand him. AZeemst: Who dares to rebuke so great a philosopher, and a man withal so excellent as I am? Vature : O fool, and of all men most insensate, | know and love all philosophers, and am loved of them. I take pleasure in aiding their efforts, and they help me to do that which I am unable to accomplish. But you so-called Alchemists are constantly offending me, and systematically doing despite to me ; and this is the reason why all your efforts are doomed to failure. A/cZezust: Itis not true. I, too, am a philosopher, and understand scientific methods of procedure. I have lived with several princes, and with more than one philosopher, ss my wife can testify. Moreover, I possess at this very moment a manuscript which has lain hidden for some centuries in a certain wall I know very well that I am almost at the end of my labours, and am on the point of coinposing the Philesopher's Stone ;

for it was revealed to me a few days ago in a dream. I have had a great many dreams, nor do I ever dream anything untrue ; my wife knows it. /Vazure: It is with you as with a great many of your fellows : at first they know everything, but in the end their knowledge turns to ignorance. Alchemzst : If you are truly Nature, it is you who serve for the operation of the work. ZVazure "That is true ; but it is performed only by those who know me, and such do not torment my children, nor do they hinder my working. ^ Rather they clear away the impediments, that I may the sooner reach the: goal Zekemzst: That is exactly what I do. Nature: | No; you do nothing but cross me, and deal with my children against my will. Where you should revive, you kill; where you should fix, you sublime ; where you should calcine, you distil; and thus my obedient son Jlercury you torment in the most fearful manner. /cLezzst: Then I will in future deal with him gently, and subject him only to gradual coction. Z/Vazuze: That is well,if you possess understanding ; otherwise, you will ruin only yourself and your possessions. f you act in opposition to my commands, you hurt yourself more than him. 4/ckemzst: But how am I to make the Philosopher's Stone? JVature: That question does not justify your illtreatment of my son. Know that I have many sons and daughters, and that I am swift to succour those who seek me, provided they are worthy. .4/chemzst: ^ But who is that Mercury? JVature: Know that I have only one such son ; he

is one of seven, and the first among them ; and though he is now all things, he was at first only one. |n him are the four elements, yet he is not an element. He isa spirit, yet he has a body ; a man, yet he performs a woman's part ; a boy, yet he bears a man's weapons ; a beast, and yet he has the wings of a bird. He is poison. yet he cures leprosy ; life, yet he kills all things ; a King, but another occupies his throne; he flees from the fire, yet fire is taken from him ; he is water, but does not wet the hands; he is earth, and yet he is sown ; he is air, and lives by water. .A/ckezis?i: Now I see that I know nothing ; only I must not say so. For I should lose the good opinion of my neighbours, and they would no longer entrust me with money for my experiments. | must therefore go on saying that l know everything; for there are many that expect me to do great things for them. Vazure: But if you go on in that way, your neighbours will at last find you out, and demand their money back. A/chemis?t: I must amuse them with promises, aslong as I can. JVature: And what then? AZeemést: I will try different experiments ; and if they fail, I will go to some other country, and live the samelife there.

/Vazure: And then? Alchemist: MHa,ha,ha! There are many countries, and many greedy persons who will suffer themselves to be gulled by my promises of mountains of gold. Thus day will follow day, and in the meantime the King or the donkey will die, or I myself. Nature: Such philosophers are only fit for the gallows. Be off, and take with you my most grievous curse. The best thing that you can do, is to give yourself up to the King's officers, who will quickly put an end to you and your philosophy !

THE AUTHOR'S ANAGRAM : Angelus Doce Mihi fus. (Angel, Teach me Right.) S I am not at liberty to write more plainly than the Ancient Sages, gentle Reader, you may possibly be dissatisfied with my Book, particularly as you have so many other philosophical treatises ready to your hand. But you may be sure that no necessity is laid upon me to write at all, and that if 1 have come forward it is only out of love to you, having no expectation of personal profit, and no desire for empty glory, for which reason I here refrain, as [I have before done, from revealing my identity to the public. I was under the impression that in the first part of this work I had already given a lucid account of our whole Art. But my friends tell me that there is one point with which I have not yet fully dealt, and vehemently urge me to write this second treatise about Sulphur. The question is, whether even this Book will convey any information to one before whom the writings of the Sages and the Open Book of Nature are exhibited in vain. For if you could incline your ear to the teaching of Nature, you would at once be able to emancipate yourself from the tutelage of printed

volumes; in my opinion it is better to learn from the master himself than from one of the disciples. In the preface to my twelve Treatises, and again in the twelfth chapter, [ have already hinted at the reason why there is now so great a multitude of books on this subject, that they confound and hinder the student instead of helping him. The confusion is rendered worse confounded by the ill-will of the Sages, who seem to have set pen to paper for the express purpose of concealing their meaning ; aad by the carelessness with which some of the more important volumes are copied and printed ; the sense of a whole passage is often hopelessly obscured by the addition or omission of one little word (eg.,the addition of the word *not" in the wrong place) Yet the student may get information even from these books (as the bee obtains honey even from poisonous flowers), if he reads them by the light of natural fact, and with constant reference to the utterances of other Sages. One writer explains another. Yet some of them are so closely beset with the difficulties of an obscure phraseology, that it is almost impossible to understand them, except by reading them side by side with the facts of Nature ; for their interpreters and commentators are more hopelessly unintelligible even than the writers whom they take upon themselves to explain ; the exposition is more difficult than the text.

If you would succeed in this study, keep your eyes fixed on the possibilities of Nature, and on the properties of the natural substance. lt is universally described as common and easy of access and apprehension, and it zs so, but only to those who know it. He who knows it can discover it in the dunghill; he who does not will fail to find it even in gold. I have no desire to praise myself, but this one thing I will say, that the reading of my Books, in combination with a careful study of Nature, and of the writings of other genuine possessors of this Stone, must in the end open up to you the understanding of this secret. If I have planted another tree in the dense forest of Alchemistic literature, I have done so, not in order to obstruct the path of students, but in order to aid and refresh them by the way. Let not the diligent and God-fearing enquirer despair. If he seek the inspiration of God he will most surely find it. This knowledgeis more easily obtained of God than of men. For His mercy is infinite, and He never forsakes those who put their trust in Him;

with Him there is no respect of persons, nor does He despise the humble and contrite heart. He has showered the fulness of His mercy even on me, the unworthiest of all His creatures, in shewing to me His wonderful power and incffable goodness, which I am utterly unable to declare. The only way in which: | can, in a small degree, at least prove my gratitude, is by succouring my struggling brother students with friendly counsel and assistance. Rest assured, then, gentle Reader, that He will grant this boon to you, if you wait upon Him day by day with earnest prayer, and in the power of a holy and loving life. He will throw open to you the portals of Nature ; and you will be amazed at the simplicity of her operations. — Know for certain that Nature is wonderfully simple; and that the characteristic mark of a childlike simplicity is stamped upon all that is true and noble in Nature. If you would imitate Nature, you should take her simplicity for your model in all the operations of Art. If my Book does not please you, throw it away, and take up some other author; it is short, so that you need not spend much time in reading it through. Only persevere: to the importunate knocker the door will at length be opened. The times are at hand when many secrets of Nature will be revealed to men.

The Fourth or Northern Monarchy is about to be estab- ' lished ; the Mother of Knowledge will soon come ; and many things will be brought to light that were hidden under the three preceding monarchies. This fourth kingdom God will found by the hand ofa prince who will be enriched with all virtues, and endowed with wisdom greater than that of Solomon. In his time (to adopt the words of the Psalmist) mercy and truth will meet together; peace and justice will kiss each other; truth will spring up from the ground, and righteousness will look down from heaven. There will be one Shepherd and one fold ; and knowledge will be the common property of all For those days I, too, am waiting with longing. Pray to God that it may come soon, gentle Reader. Fear Him, love Him, and read carefully the books of His chosen Sages—and you will soon see, and behold with your own eyes, that I have spoken truly.

The Second Principe. ULPHUR is by no means theleast important of the great Ux principles, since it is a part of the metal, and even a principal part of the Philosopher's Stone. Many Sages have left us weighty sayings about this substance: for instance, Geber himself (*Sum of Perfection," bk. t, chap. 28), who says: "It illumines all bodies, since it is the light of the light, and their tincture.,' But seeing that the ancients regarded it as the noblest principle, before we proceed to speak about it, we must first explain the origin of the three principles. The origin of the principles is a subject which has hitherto been but scantily discussed in the works of the Sages ; and the student who knows nothing about it, is as much in the dark in regard to this matter, as is a blind man in respect to colour. I therefore propose to make this point which my predecessors have neglected, the subject of my treatise. Now, according to the ancient Sages there are two principles of things, and more particularly of metals, namely, Sulphur and Mercury ; according to the Moderns there are three: Salt, Sulphur, and Mercury, and the source of these principles are the elements ; of which it therefore behoves us to speak first. Beit known to the students of this Art that there are four elements, and that each has at its centre another element which makes it whatitis. "These are the four pillars of the world. "They were in the beginning evolved and moulded out of chaos by the hand of the Creator; and it is their contrary action. which keeps up the harmony and equilibrium of the mundane machinery ; it is they which, through the virtue of celestial influences, produce all things above and beneath the earth. We will say a few words about each of them in due order of succession ; and first of all about the nearest element, Earth.

Earth is an element of considerable quality and dignity. In this element the other three, especially fire, ave latent. It is admirably adapted both to the concealment and to the manifestation of things committed to it. Itisgross and porous, specifically heavy, but naturally light. It is also the Centre of the World and of the other elements ; through its centre passes the axis of the earth to both poles. It is porous, as we have said, like a sponge, and produces nothing of itself; but it receives all that the other three project into it, conscientiously conceals what it should hide, and brings to light that which it should manifest. Whatsoever is committed to it putrefies in it through the action of motive heat, and is multiplied by the separation of the pure from the impure. Heavy substances are hidden in it. Light substances are driven by heat toits surface. It is the nurse and womb of all seed and commixtion ; and these seeds and compounds it faithfully preserves and fosters till the season of maturity. It is cold and dry, but its dryness is tempered with water ; outwardly it is visible and fixed ; inwardly it is invisible and volatile. It isa virgin substance, and dead residue of the creative distillation of the world, which God will one day calcine, and after extracting the humour, create out of it a new crystalline earth. In its present state it consists of a pure and an impure element.

"The first is used by water for producing natural forms ; the latter remains where it is. It is also the storehouse of all treasures, and in its centre is the Gehennal fire, conserving the machine of the world, and this by the expression of water, which it converts into air. "This fire is produced by perpetual motion, and the influences of the Stars; it is aided by the Solar heat, which is tempered by the atmosphere, and the two together mature the growth of all things. For this reason the element of earth has fire intrinsically, and the earth is purified by this inward fire, as every element is purified by that which is in it. The inmost part, or centre of the earth, is then the highest purity mixed with fire, in which there is ceaseless motion, and we have shewn at some length in the twelve Treatises that it is, as it were, an empty space, into which the other elements project their products. It is enough for us to remember that this elementary earth is like a sponge, and the receptacle of all other elements.

Water is an element of great specific gravity, full of unctuous moisture. Outwardly it is volatile, inwardly it is fixed, cold, and humid It is tempered by air, and is the sperm of the wcrld, in which the seed of all things is conserved. There is a great difference between sperm and seed. Earth is the receptacle of sperm, water the receptacle of seed. Whatever the air, under the influence of firc, distils into the water,is imparted by the water to the earth. There is always an abundance of sperm awaiting seed, in order that it may carry it into the matrix, which is performed by the movement of the air, excited by the imagination of fire. Sometimes sperm has not a sufficient quantity of seed, for want of heat to digest it. Sometimes, when there is no seed, the sperm enters the womb alone, but is ejected again without producing any fruit. At other times conception does not take place, even when there is plenty of seed in the sperm, because the womb is rendered barren by a superfluity of bad sulphur and malignant phlegm. Water is capable of commixtion with all things, by means of its volatile surface; it purifies and dissolves earth ; air is congealed in it, and thus intimately united to it. It is the Solvent of the World, because by the action of heat, it penetrates t^c air, and carries with it a warm vapour which causes the natural generation of those things with which the earth is like a womb impregnated.

When the womb has once received a due portion of seed, Nature never rests until the natural form (whatever it may be) has been produced. "The humid residue, or sperm, is putrefied in the earth by means of warmth, and out of it worms and other things are generated. An intelligent Artist will readily understand how great a variety of wonders is performed by Nature through this element, as a sperm, but the said sperm must be operated upon, having already within it an imagined astral seed of a certain weight. For Nature produces pure things by means of the first putrefaction, but things far purer by means of the second, as you see in the case of wood, where vegetable fibre is produced as the result of the first putrefaction, while the putrefaction of wood engenders worms and insects—natural forms endowed with sentient life ; and it is clear that animate creatures endowed with

sense and motion belong to a higher creative level, and are moulded of a purer substance than plants. Water is the menstruum (solvent) of the world, and exists in .hree degrees of excellence: the pure, the purer, and the purest. Of its purest substance the heavens were created ; of that which is less pure the atmospheric air was formed ; that which is simply pure remains in its proper sphere, where, by the Will of God, and the co-operation of Nature, it is guardian of all subtle substances here below. It has its centre in the heart of the sea ; its polar axis coincides with that of the earth, whence flow forth all springs and fountains of water, which are presently swollen into great rivers. "This constant movement of water preserves the earth from combustion, and distributes the seeds of things throughout its length and breadth. Yet all water courses return to the heart of the sea. As to the ultimate fate of this water opinions are divided. Some say that all water is generated in the stars, and the sea does not overflow its shores because the water is consumed by fire as it reaches the heart of the sea. But this hypothesis is contrary to Nature's methods of working: Nature produces like out of like —and how can the stars, which are air and fire, produce water? Moreover, the safety of this carth depends on the equilibrium of the four elements ;

ifat any time the total quantity of one element exceeded that of the others, the universe would relapse into chaos. Hence, if the stars generated water, they must manifestly produce an equal quantity not only of air and fire, but also of earth—which is manifestly absurd. — [t is much more reasonable to suppose that the waters are chained down, as it were, to the foundation of the earth by the circumambient air, and that they are constrained by it to continue in a ceaseless movement towards the Arctic pole—because no vacuum is possible: in Nature; which is also the reason why there is a Gehennal fire in the centre of the earth, which is presided over by the Archeus (the first principle) of Nature.

For in the creation of the world, God first of all separated the quintessence of the elements from the weltering mass of chaos ; and out of it He evolved fire, the purest of all substances, giving to it the most exalted place in the universe, and making it, in a special manner, the dwelling-place of His Sacred Majesty. In the centre of chaos was kindled that fire which afterwards distilled and carried upward the purest substance of water, But because this most pure fire now occupies the firmament, and surrounds the throne of God, the waters have been condensed into a body beneath it; and thus the sky is formed, while the water which now forms the atmospheric air and the lower firmament is due to the action of a lower and grosser fire. As the water of the firmament cannot pass the bounds of that highest and celestial fire, so the lower fire cannot pass through the atmospheric air to the earth; nor can the air pass the bounds of this lower fire. The water and the earth were formed together into one organic mass. Only one part of this water was volatilized into air, in order to protect the earth from the fierce and consuming heat of the sun. If there had been a vacuum in the air, all the water would have evaporated; but as the space below the firmament is already filled up with air, the great bulk of the water is kept below, near the centre of the earth, by the pressure of the air.

"These natural conditions continue to operate day by day, and through their normal action the world will be preserved from destruction during the good pleasure of the Creator. "The central fire is kindled day by day by the universal motion and influence of the celestial bodies. This fire heats the water, and a certain quantity of the water is dissolved into air; the air day by day keeps down by its weight the residue of the water, and causes it to form one mass with the earth. And as the equilibrium of the world is thus naturally preserved by the Creator, so every natural generative process in the world must repeat the same conditions on a small scale. Thus the elements below act in perfect unison with the elements above, which God created of a far greater purity and excellence ; and the example of obedience to their influences, which is set by the whole universe, is imitated on a small scale by the constituent parts of the world below.

But let us now proceed to explain the flux and reflux of water. There are two Poles—the Arctic Pole in the north, and the Antarctic Pole, or the southernmost point of the earth. The Arctic Pole possesses the property of magnetic attraction ; the Antarctic Pole that of magnetic repulsion. "Thus the Arctic Pole attracts the waters along its axis, and then they are THE NEW CHEMICAL LIGHT. ig again repelled by the Antarctic Pole along its axis; and, as the air does not permit inequality, they are once more forced back to their centre, the Arctic Pole. In this their continual course from the Arctic to the Antarctic Pole, they pass through the middle (Z«., along the axis) of the earth, are diffused through its pores ,and break out here and there as springs and fountains, which are swollen into rivers, and return to the point whence they first flowed forth. "This universal motion is incessantly proceeding. "The waters, then, are not generated by the stars and consumed in the heart of the sea ; but they flow forth from the centre of the sea into the whole earth, and are diffused through all its pores. On this principle the Sages have constructed conduits and aqueducts, since it is well known that water cannot rise higher than the level of its spring or fount. If this were not an actual fact, art would vainly found its practical conclusions upon it; and the natural principle involved is illustrated in the process by means of which wine is drawn out of a cask.

It may be objected to our view that if the water of our springs were derived from the sea, it would be salt, and not sweet, as we actually find itto be. "The answer to this objection lies in the fact that the sea water, in its passage through the pores of the earth, gradually deposits all the salt which it contains, and thus wells forth from the ground in a sweet and fresh condition. It should, however, be remembered that some of our springs—called mineral or saline springs—actually do exhibit all the original saltness of the sea water which has not passed through earth calculated to retain its mineral element. In some places we also meet with hot springs, which are caused by the passage of the water through certain spots where large deposits of sulphur have been set afire by the central heat of the earth ; every one who has tasted this water must have observed its sulphureous flavour. Something closely analogous happens when the water passes through large deposits of iron, or alum, or copper, and acquires their taste. — Thus the earth is a great distilling vessel, formed by the hand of an all wise Creator, on the model of which all Sages have constructed their small distilling vessels ; and if it pleased God to extinguish the central fire, or to destroy the cunning machinery, this universal frame would

relapse into chaos. At the end of time, He will kindle the Central Fire into a brighter flame, will cause all the water to evaporate, will calcine the earth—and thus the earth and the water will be rendered more subtle and pure, and will form a new and more glorious earth. The operations of the earth and the water are always performed in combination, and are mutually dependent, since they are the two tangible elements, in which the other two work invisibly. — Fire keeps the earth from being submerged, or dissolved ; air keeps the fire from being extinguished ; water preserves the earth from combustion. This is what the Sages call the equilibrium of the elements, and it illustrates the aid which they render to each other. Fire is closely associated with earth, and air with water. It will suffice if we remember that elementary water is the sperm and menstruum of the world, and the receptacle of seed. The most noble element of air is inwardly heavy, visible, and fixed, outwardly light, volatile, and invisible. It is hot and moist, 1s tempered by fire, and is nobler than earth or wáter. Air is volatile, but may be fixed, and when fixed, renders all bodies penetrable. Its purest substance hàs been formed into the vital spirits of animals, that which is less pure into the circumambient atmosphere, and the grosser residue has remained in the water, and associates with itas fire with its kindred earth.

In the air the seed of all things is formed, as it were,in the body of the male, and is projected by its circulative motion into its sperm, which is water. It contains the vital spirit of all creatures, is the life of all, and penetrates and forces its seed upon all, as the man does upon the woman. It nourishes, impregnates, conserves the other elements ; and we are taught by daily experience that it is the life not only of minerals, animals, and vegetables, but also of the other elements. We see that water becomes foul and unwholesome without a supply of fresh air; without it fire is extinguished—as is well known to Alchemists who regulate the temperature of their fire by the supply of air. Air is also that which conserves the pores of the earth. In short, the whole universe is kept fresh and sweet by air, and it is the vital element

THE NEW CHEMICAL LIGHT. 1igy of man, beast, plant, and stone. It contains the seed of all things which is forced up, into vegetables for instance, through the pores of the earth by the action of fire, and thus the tree is built up atom by atom out of the vital element of congealed air. "This vital force bas remained in it ever since the time when the Spirit of Life brooded over the waters in the air. The magnetic power of life which air undoubtedly possesses, was put into it by God at the Creation. As the magnet attracts to itself hard steel, and as the Arctic Pole attracts to itself the water, so the air, by means of the vegetable magnet which is in the seed, draws to itsclf the nutriment of the menstruum of the world (which is water) This power of attracting water is in a certain part (vzz., the 28oth part) of all seed. If, then, any one would bea cunning planter of trees, he should take care to turn the point of attraction towards the North ; for as the Arctic Pole attracts water, so the vertical point draws to itself the seminal substance. If you would know what the point of attraction in a tree is, submerge it entirely in water ; that point which always appears first, will be the point of attraction. In theair, then, is the seed and the vital spirit, or abode of the soul of every creature.

Fire is the purest and noblest of all elements, full of adhesive unctuous corrosiveness, penetrant, digestive, inwardly invisible, fixed, hot and dry, outwardly visible, and tempered by the earth. Of its purest substance was created the Throne of the Almighty ; of that which is less pure, the Angcels ; out of fire of an inferior purity were created the stars and the heavenly luminaries ; that which was less pure still was used to bear up the heavens; that which is impure and unctuous—that, namely, which we have termed the fire of Gehenna—is in the centre of the earth, and was there inclosed and shut up to set this lower world in motion. Though these different fires are separate, yet they are also joined together by natural sympathy. This element is the most passive of all, and resembles a chariot: when it is drawn it moves ; when it is not drawn, it stands still. It exists imperceptibly in all things ; and of it is fashioned the vital rational soul, which distinguishes man from all other animals, and makes him like God. This rational soul was divinely infused into his vital spirit by God, and entitles him to be regarded as a microcosm, or small world by himself. But the fire which surrounds the Throne of God is of an infinitely pure and simple essence, and this is the reason that no impure soul can know God, and that no human eye can penetrate this essential fire, for fire is the death and destruction of everything composite—and all material substances are of this nature.

What I said about the restful passivity of fire, applies in a certain sense to the eternal calm and unchangeableness of the Divine Nature. For as the fire sleeps in the flint, until it is roused and stirred up from without, so the power of God, which is a consuming fire, is only roused to action by the kindling breath of His Almighty Will — How calmly and solemnly does not even an earthly monarch sit enthroned in the pomp and state of his royalty ! His courtiers hardly venture to move, and all around is calm and still But when he rises what a stir of motion and activity does he not cause! All that are about him arise with him, and presently you see him sweeping along in grand and stately majesty. Yet the pomp ofan earthly prince is but a faint reflex of the glory of the King of Kings. When He utters the voice of His Will,all heaven is roused, the world trembles, and thousands of angels speed forth on His errand. But it may be asked hcw I come to have this knowledge about heavenly things which are removed far beyond human ken. My answer is that the Sages have been taught of God that this natural world is only an image and material copy of a heavenly and spiritual pattern ; that the very existence of this world is based upon the reality of its celestial archetype;

and that God has created it in imitation of the spiritual and invisible universe, in order that men might be the better enabled to comprehend His heavenly teaching, and the wonders of His absolute and ineffable power and wisdom. Thus the Sage sees heaven reflected in Nature as in a mirror ; and he pursues this Art, not for the sake of gold or silver, but for the love of the knowledge which it reveals; he jealously conceals it from the sinner and the scornful, lest the mysteries of heaven should be laid bare to the vulgar gaze. lf you will but rightly consider it, you yourself are an image of God, and a little picture of the great world. For a firmament you have the quintessence of the four elements attracted to the formative

womb out of the chaos of seed, and bounded by your skin; your blood is fire in which lives your soul, the king of your little universe, acting through the medium of the vital spirit; your heart is the earth, where the Central Fire is always at work; your mouth is your Arctic, and your stomach your Antarctic Pole, and all your members correspond to some part of the greater world, as [ have set forth at some length in my work on the Harmony of the Universe, and in the Chapter? on Astronomy. In the microcosm of man's nature the soul is the deputy or Viceroy of the Creator, 1t governs the mind, and the mind governs the body : the mind is conscious of all that is conceived in the soul, and all the members understand the mind, obey it, and wait eagerly to carry out its behests. The body knows nothing of itself ; all its motions and desires are caused by the mind ; it is to the mind what the tool is to the craftsman. But though the rational soul operates in the body, a more important part of its activity is exerted on things outside the body : it rules absolutely outside the body, and therein differs from the vital spirits of brute beasts. In the same way, the Creator of the world partly acts in and through things belonging to this world, and is thereby, in a sense, included in this world.

But He absolutely transcends this world by that infinite part of His activity which lies beyond the bounds of the universe, and which is too high and glorious for the body of the world. The great difference between the soul's extracorporal, and God's extramundane, activity, is that man's rational activity is purely imaginative and mental, whereas God's thoughts are immediately translated into real existences. I might be mentally in the streets of Rome, but my journey would be purely imaginative ; God's conceptions are at once objective essences. God, then, is included in the world, only as the soul is enclosed in the body, while it has power to do things which far transcend the capacity of the body. By material relations such as these you may know God, and learn to distinguish Him from the material manifestations of His power. When once the gates of knowledge have been flung wide for you, your understanding will be enlarged.

We said that fire was the quietest of all elements, and that it is stirred by a kind of motion well known to the Sages. The Sage should be perfectly acquainted with the generation and destruction of all things; he is familiar with the creation of the heavens, and the composition and commixtion of things terrestrial; yet, though he knows everything, he cannot make everything. He knows the anatomy and composition of the human body—yet he cannot make a man. This is a mystery which the Creator has kept in His own hand. Nature cannot work till it has been supplied with a material: the first matter is furnished by God, the second matter by tbe Sage. But in the philosophical work Nature must excite the fire which God has enclosed in the centre of each thing. The excitation of this fire is performed by the will of Nature, and sometimes also by the will of a skilful Artist who can dispose Nature, for fire naturally purifies every species of impurity. All composite substances are purified by fire, as all substances that are not fixed owe their purification to water. It is the property of fire to separate and divide composite substances ; and this separation means a purging away of the impure from the pure. This element also acts secretly, by marvellous means, not only in opposition to the rest of the elements, but also to all other things.

For as the reasonable soul was made of this most pure fire, so the vegetable soul was made of the elementary fire which Nature governs. The fire which is contained in the centre of any given thing acts in the following way : Nature provides the motive power, which stirs up the air ; the air stirs up and rouses the fire, which separates, purges, digests, colours, and brings every seed to maturity, and expels the matured seed through the sperm into places or wombs, either pure or impure, more or less hot, dry, or humid ; and according to the nature of the place or womb, different things are produced (cp. the Twelve Treatises). So the Most High God has ordained that,in the economy of the universe, one thing should be at enmity with another, and that the death of one thing should be the life of the other; that one thing should consume what another produces, and evolve out of it some higher and nobler form of life. The elementary separation of all living things is death ; and hence it is necessary for man to die, as his body is compounded of the four elements, which cannot hold together for ever. In spite of this fact, our science furnishes au incontestible proof of man's original immortality. It

is certainly true that all composite substances are liable to decomposition ; that this decomposition, when it takes place in the animal world, is called death ; and that the human body is a substance compounded of the fourelements. But it is also true that the elements of Paradise, where man was created, are not subject to this law, seeing that they are most pure and incorruptible heavenly essences; and if man had remained in this pure and celestial region, his body would have been incapable of natural decay. Adam, however, in an evil day for our race, disobeyed his Creator, and straightway was driven forth to the beasts, into the world of corruptible clements which God had created for the beasts only. From that day forward his food was derived from perishable substances, and death began to work in his members. The pure elements of his creation were gradually mingled and infected with the corruptible elements of the outer world, and thus his body became more and more gross, and liable, through its grossness, to natural decay and death. The process of degeneration was, of course, slow in the case of Adam and his first descendants ; but, as time went on, the seed out of which men were generated became more and more infected with perishable elements. The continued usc of corruptible food rendered their bodies more and more gross—and human life was soon shortened to a very brief span indeed.

In some favoured climes, where men eat and drink moderately, they still sometimes live to a green old age ; but in our latitudes men abridge the term of their natural existence by grossly filling themselves with an excess of elementary corruptible food, and thus, before their time, become like "the beasts that perish." When the pure and essential elements are joined together in loving equilibrium, as they are in our Stone, they are inseparable and immortal, like the human body in Paradise; whence also our philosophical treasure has been compared to the creation of man, an analogy which modern wise men, who take all things literally, have understood as referring to the corrupted generation of this present order, which is produced from corruptible elements.

It was the recollection of man's immortality in Paradise, that first set Sages a-thinking whether those pure and essential elements might not be obtained in this world, and united in one body. Atlength a merciful Creator made known to them that the desired conjunction of such elements existed in gold. It could not be found among the animals who are sustained by corruptible food, nor in vegetables, because they exhibit the elements in a state of inequality and contention. When corruptible elements are united in a certain subject, their strife must sooner or later bring about its decomposition, which is, of course, followed by putrefaction ; in putrefaction, the impure is separated from the pure: and if the pure elements are then once more joined together by the action of natural heat, a much nobler and higher form of life is produced. In the strife of the elements, which follows when a body has been broken up by the victory of water, earth and air unite with fire, and together they overcome the water, digest, cook, and ultimately congeal it—which is the beginning of a new life. For if the hidden central fire, which during life was in a state of passivity, obtain the mastery, it attracts to itself all the pure elements, which are thus separated from the impure, and form the nucleus of a far purer form of life. It is thus that our Sages are able to produce immortal things, particularly by decomposition of minerals ; and you see that the whole process, from beginning to end, is the work of fire.

"Chus, then, we have briefly set forth as much as will serve our purpose concerning the four elements. Truly the description of each might be extended into a large volume, but we postpone all amplification for our Treatise on Harmony, which, God helping, if our life be spared, will be opportune to a more large discourse upon natural things. Concerning the Three PrincuMes of A Thzngs. 'The three Principles of things are produced out of the four elements in the following manner: Nature, whose power is in her obedience to the Will of God, ordained from the very begining, that the four elements. should incessantly act on one another, so, in obedience to her behest, fire began to act on air, and produced Sulphur; air acted on water and produced Mercury ; water, by its action on earth, produced Salt. Earth, alone, having nothing to act upon, did not produce anything, but became the nurse, or womb, of these three Principles. We designedly speak of three Principles; for though the Ancients mention only two, it is clear that they omitted the third (Salt), not from ignorance, but from a desire to lead the uninitiated astray. j Whoever would be a student of this sacred science must know the marks whereby these three Principles are to be recognised, and also the process by which they are developed. For as the three Principles are produced out of four, so they, in their turn, must produce two, a male and a female;

and these two must produce an incorruptible one, in which are exhibited the four (elements) in a highly purified and digested condition, and with their mutual strife hushed in unending peace and goodwill. In every natural composition these three represent the body, the spirit,and thehidden soul ; and if, after purgingthem well, you join them together, they must, by a natural process, result in a most pure substance. For though the soul is most noble, yet it cannot reach the goal without the spirit which is its place and abode ; and if it is your desire to bring it back to a given place, both the soul and the place must be purged and washed from all impurity, so that the soul may dwell in glory, and nevermore depart. Without these three Principles, the Artist can do nothing, since even Nature is powerless without them. They are in all things, and without them there is nothing in the world, neither, indeed, can be. "Their origin being such as we have described, it is from these, by an imitation of Nature, that you must produce the Mercury of the Philosophers, and their first matter, bearing in mind the laws which govern natural things, and especially metals. Do not think that Salt is unimportant because itis omitted by the Ancients ; they could not do without it, even if they did not name it, seeing that it is the Kcy which opens the infernal prison house, where sulphur lies in bonds.

The three Principles are necessary because they are the immediate substance of metals. "The remoter substance of metals is the four elements, but no one can produce anything out of them but God; and even God makes nothing of them but these three Principles. | Why, then, should the Sage lose time and labour over the four clements, when he has the substance made ready to his hand by Nature? ]t is surely less troublesome to go three miles than four, and as these three Principles exist in all things, and, according to their proportions, etc., produce either metals, or plants, or animals, it is best to use them as our first substance.

The body is earth, the spirit water, the soul fire or sulphur of gold. The Spirit augments the quantity of the body, the soul the virtue. But because in the matter of weight there is more of spirit than of fire, the spirit is uplifted, oppresses the fire, and attracts it to itself in such a way that both augment in virtue, and the earth, which is mediate between them, augments in weight. The Artist should determine which of the three Principles he is seeking, and should assist it so that it may overcome its contrary. | Afterwards he must seek by his skill to supplement what has been wanting in Nature, and thus his chosen Principle will obtain the necessary victory. The element of earth is nothing but a receptacle, in which fire and air carry on theirstrife through the mediation of air. If water predominate, temporal and corruptible things are produced ; if fire obtains the victory, it produces lasting and incorruptible things. So you know which of the elements ought to receive your aid. Moreover, though fire and water are in all things, they can produce nothing without air and earth. "Theiractivity is aroused by external heat (in Nature, the Central Fire of the earth), and in their struggle they are assisted each by that which is like to it. By this strife they are subtilized in the pores of the earth, and when they ascend to the surface they produce flowers and fruit, in which they closely associate together as friends; and the more they are subtilized and purified in their ascent, the more excellent are the fruits which they produce.

When the purification has thus been performed, let water and fire become friends, which they will readily do in their earth which ascends with them ; and the process will be the more speedily and perfectly accomplished, if you combine the two in their proper proportions—thus improving upon Nature. [n all natural compounds fire is always the smallest part; but it is aided and stirred up by the action of outward fire; and according as fire is overcome or obtains the mastery, imperfect or perfect things are the result. The outward fire does not enter into the composition as an essential part of it, but only by the effect which it helps to produce. The inward fire is sufficient, if it only receive nutriment from the outward fire, which feeds it as wood feeds elemental fire; in proportion to the quantity of nutriment the inward fire grows and multiplies. Care should be taken, THE NEW CHEMICAL LIGHT. i48 therefore, that the outward fire is not so fierce as to devour, instead of feeding, the inward fire. Gentle coction will be the best means of attaining perfection, and of adding excellence to weight. Butas it is difficult to add to a compound substance, I would advise rather to produce the same effect by removing that which is present in an excessive quantity. Remove that which is too much, and let the compound develop itself naturally. But many artists sow straw instead of grain ;

others sow both ; many throw away that which the Sages love ; others begin and do not persevere to the end ; they look for short and easy labour in a difficule Art. But we say that this Art consists in an even mingling of the virtues of the elements—in the natural equilibrium of the hot, the dry, the cold, and the moist—in the conjunction of the male and female, the female having engendered the male, Ze, of fire and the radical humour of the metals. If you understand that the Mercury of the Sages contains within itself its own good Sulphur, digested and matured by Nature, you can accomplish the whole process by means of Mercury alone ; but if you know how to add the supplement which our Art requires to the natural proportions of substances, to double the Mercury, and to triple the Sulphur, you will all the more quickly produce, first the good, then the better, and finally the best—though only one sulphur appears, and two mercuries (which, are, however, of the same stock) ; they should not be crude nor too much digested, yet well purged and dissolved (if you understand me)

.. lIt is really unnecessary to describe the matter of the Mercury and the Sulphur of the Sages, as it has already been as plainly delineated by the Ancients as is consistent with our vow. We do not altogether say that the Mercury of the Philosophers IS à common thing, or that they have openly called it by its name, and that the matter from which Mercury and Sulphur are philosophically extracted has been plainly pointed out. For the Mercury itself is not found above ground, but is extracted by an artifice from Sulphur and Mercury conjoined, in short, Sulphur and Mercury are the ore of our quicksilver, and this quicksilver has power to dissolve, mortify, and revive metals, which power it has received from the sulphur (which has some of the properties of an acid). In order to put you on the right track, I will also tell you the difference between our quicksilver and common mercury. Common mercury does not dissolve gold and silver so as to amalgamate with them ; but when our quicksilver dissolves gold and silver, it amalgamates with them in inseparable union, as water is mixed with water. Common mercury has bad combustible sulphur, which turns it black ; our quicksilver contains incombustible, fixed, good, snow-white and red sulphur. Common mercury is cold and humid ; our quicksilver is hot and humid. Common mercury blackens other bodies ; our quicksilver renders them white and pure as crystal. Common mercury is changed by precipitation into a yellow powder and bad sulphur ; our quicksilver is converted by heat into snow-white, good, fixed, and fusible sulphur. Common mercury becomes more fusible, our quicksilver more fixed, the more it is subjected to coction. Our quicksilver possesses such marvellous virtue that it would by itself be sufficient for our purpose, if subjected to gentle coction ; but in order to accelerate its congelation, the Sages add to it its well digested and matured sulphur.

We might well have cited philosophers in confirmation of the points of our discourse, but as our writings are more clear than are theirs, we have no need of their support. Whosoever understands them will understand us better. If you would practise our Art, learn first to hold your tongue, and study the nature of minerals, metals, and vegetables. Our Mercury may be obtained from all things, as everything has it; only from some substances it is more easily procured than from others. Our Art is not a matter of luck or accident, but is founded on a real knowledge, and there is only one matter in the world by which, and of which, the Stone of the Philosophers is prepared. The substance is indeed to be found everywhere, but the method of its extraction out of some matters would take a lifetime, and if you begin your search without a due knowledge of natural things, more especially in minerals, you will be working in the dark and in blindness. It is, indeed, possible to set about our Art in a casual manner ; and some who actually operate on our quicksilver, begin at the wrong end, and thus fail in bringing it to perfection, because they are quite in the dark about its real nature. Yet, after all, we must confess that a right knowledge of our Art is

the gift of God alone, and is granted to diligent students in answer to earnest and importunate prayer. To the Master it may appear easy enough; but to the beginner it must seem at first very hard and uphill work. He should not, however, despair, for in due time he will receive the reward of his diligence and aspiration ; even in the dangers which the knowledge may bring upon him, he will be kept from harm by the loving hand of Providence, as I can testify from personal experience. We have with us God's Ark of the Covenant, which contains the most precious of earthly things, and is guarded by the holy Angel of the Lord. . We heard that our enemies had fallen into the snare which they had laid for us ; that those who sought our lives had been enclosed in the meshes of death ; that those who attempted to rob us of our goods had lost all that they possessed; and that those who strove to blacken our reputation, died in shame and dishonour. Such is the care which God has of us, Who, from our childhood, has kept us safe under the shadow of His wings. And the feeling uppermost in our minds is the humbling consciousness of our utter unworthiness: we do not deserve the very least of His great mercies. But one thing we do and will do: our hope and trust always have been, are, and will be, in Him alone.

We will not put our confidence in men or in princes: we will place ourselves in the hands of One who remains unchanged when all earthly power and greatness have passed away. The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom : never did Sage utter truer word than this; and if we would attain to the knowledge of this glorious science, if we would be able to use it well when we possess it, we must wait on God continually, and importune Him with earnest prayer. But to proceed with our description of the Matter. We said that it was quicksilver, and quicksilver only: whatever is added, is gained from this same substance. We have repeatedly affirmed that all things earthly are evolved out of three principles. But for our purpose they must be purged of their impurities, and then recombined ; that which is wanting is added—and thus imitating and assisting Nature, we arrive at a degree of perfection such as Nature is unable to attain, on account of the impurities with which her operations are clogged. Do not suffer yourself to be confounded by the apparent conK2

tradictions which the Sages have introduced into their writings for the purpose of keeping their secret. Select only those sayings which are agreeable to Nature; take the roses, leave the thorns. If you wish to produce a metal, your fundamental substance should be metallic ; only a dog can beget a dog ; without wheat you will vainly plough your field ; and all your endeavours in this Art will be in vain, unless you take your radical humour from a metal. "There is one substance, one Art, one operation — It is as erroneous to suppose that any of the particular benefits of our Stone can be enjoyed before the Stone itself has been prepared, asit would be absurd to imagine that you can have a branch without a root or tree. If you have water you can cook in it various kinds of meat, and thus obtain broth of different flavours ; but there will be no broth unless you have both the water andhesmedtqg m In metals, then, as in all other things, there is only one first substance, but the universal substance is modified in a vast variety of ways, according to the course of its subsequent development. Thus one thing is the mother of all things. "This great fact ought always to be borne in mind in studying the works of the Sages ; for nothing but mistakes and disappointment can result from a slavishly literal interpretation of their books.

It is a pity that, instead of humbly studying and following Nature, our Alchemists are so ready to adopt any fancy or notion that happens to pass tbrough their minds. They seek to attain the end not only without a middle part, but without so much as a beginning. But how can anyone who sets about our Art in so casual and haphazard a manner expect anything but disappointments? Let our Alchemists have done, then, once for all, with their sophistical methods, to which they ascribe so great an importance—with their dealbations, rubrefactions, fixations of the Moon, extractions of the soul of gold,—and let them place themselves under the unerring guidance of Nature. For though the soul of the metal has to be extracted, it must not be killed in the operation ; and the extraction of the living soul, which has to be reunited to the glorified body, must be carried on in a way very different from the violent method commonly prevailing among Alchemists. We do not propose to multiply wheat without seed corn. Butlet us, in concluding this part of the subject, earnestly inculcate on the

student's mind the necessity of having seed that will germinate and grow, and to avoid the use of seed which has been killed by an excess of fiery heat. Among the three principles the Sages have justly assigned the first place to Sulphur, as the whole Art is concerned with the manner of its preparation. Sulphur is of three chief kinds: that which tinges or colours; that which congeals mercury ; and essential sulphur, which matures it. The properties and preparation of this Sulphur we propose to describe, not in a set treatise, but in a dialogue like that which brought out the essential properties of Mercury. We will only say, by way of preface, that Sulphur is more mature than the other principles, and that Mercury cannot be coagulated without it. The aim and object of our Art is to elicit from metals that Sulphur by means of which the Mercury of the Sages is, in the veins of the earth, congealed into silver and gold ; in this operation the Sulphur acts the part of the male, and our Mercury that of the female. Of the composition and action of these two are engendered the Mercuries of the Philosophers.

In our former dialogue we gave an account of the meeting of Alchemists, which a sudden tempest brought to so abrupt a close. Among those who took a prominent part in the proceedings, was a good friend of the first Alchemist ; he was not a bad man, or an impostor, but, as they say, nobody's enemy except his own ; yet he was foolish withal, and though really very ignorant, had no small opinion of his own wisdom and learning. He had at the meeting been the foremost champion of the claims of Sulphur to be regarded as the first substance of the Stone, and was satisfied that he would have been able to make good that claim, if the meeting had not been prematurely broken up. So when he got home he resumed his operations on Sulphur in a very confident spirit. He subjected it to distillation, sublimation, calcination, fixation, and to countless other chemical processes, in which he spent much time and money, without arriving at any result whatsoever. His failures at length began to prey on his health and spirits, and in order to recruit the former, and raise the latter, he fell into the habit of taking long walks in the neigh-

bourhood of the town where he lived. But wherever he went he could think of nothing but Sulphur. One day, with his mind full of this besetting idea, and being wrought almost to an ecstacy, he entered a certain verdant grove, in which there was abundance not only of trees, herbs, and fruits, but also of animals, birds, minerals, and metals. Of water there was indeed a great scarcity ; it was carried to the place by means of aqueducts, and among these was a conduit flowing with water extracted from the rays of the moon ;—but this water was reserved for the use otf the Nymph of the grove. . In the grove there were two young men tending oxen and rams, and from them he learned that the grove belonged to the Nymph Venus. — The Alchemist was gratified enough, but all his thoughts were absorbed by the subject of Sulphur, and when he remembered the words of the Sages, who say that the substance is vile and common, and its treatment easy, when he recollected the vast amount of time, labour, and money which he had vainly spent upon it, he lifted up his voice, and in the bitterness of his heart, cursed Sulphur. Now Sulphur was in that grove, though the Alchemist did not know it. But suddenly he heard a voice which said : * My friend, why do you curse Sulphur?" He looked up in bewilderment :

nobody was to be seen. ** My friend, why are you so sad ?" continued the voice. 4/ckezzst : Master, I seek the Philosopher's Stone as one that hungers after bread. lozce: And why thus do you curse Sulphur ? AZcezzst : My Lord, the Sages call it the substance of the Stone; yet I have spentall my time and labour in vain upon it, and am well nigh reduced todespair. J/ozee: lt is true that Sulphur is the true and chief substance of the Stone. Yet you curse it unjustly. For it lies heavily chained in a dark prison and cannot do as it would. Its hands and feet have been bound, and the doors of the dungeon closed upon it,at the bidding of its mother, Nature, who was angry with it for too readily obeying the summons of every Alchemist. It is now confined in such a perfect labyrinth of a prison, that it can be set free only by those Sages to whom Nature herself has entrusted the secret. Alchemist : Ah! miserable that I am, this is why he was unable to come to me! How very hard and unkind of the mother ! When is he to be set at large again? — l/ozee : That can only be by means of hard and persevering labour. 4cezzzs? ; Who are

his gaolers? — V/ozce : They are of his own kindred, but grievous tyrants. — A/chemist : And who are you? Voz: I am the judge and the chief gaoler,and my name is Saturn. /eemzst : (Then Sulphur is detained in your prison? Jozce&; Yes; but I am not his keeper. /cLezst: What does he do in prison? Voice; Whatever his gaolers command. | A/cezzzst ; And what can he do? oce : He can perform a thousand things, and is the heart of all. He can perfect metals and minerals, impart understanding to animals, produce flowers in herbs and trees, corrupt and perfect air ; in short, he produces all the odours and paints all the colours in the world. —Z/cLems?: Of what substance does he make the flowers ? J/ozce: His guards furnish him with vessels and matter ; Sulphur digests it; and according to the diversity of the digestion, and the weight of the matter, he produces choice flowers, having their specialodours. 4/cemzst; Master, is he old? — Vozce: Know, friend, that Sulphur is the virtue of the world, and though Nature's second-born—yet the oldest of all things. —'T'o those who know him, however, he is as obedient as a little child. He is most easily recognised by the vital spirit in animals, the colour in metals, the odour in plants. Without his help his mother can do nothing. 4/cezzs£ : Ishe the sole heir, or has he any brothers?

^e: He has some brothers who are quite unworthy of him; and a sister that he loves, and who is to him as a mother. | A/ekemzst.: Is he always the same? — Vozce : As to his nature, it is always the same. But in person his heart only is pure: his garments are spotted. —4/chemzst ; Master, was he ever quite free? Voice: Yes; in the days of the great Masters and Sages, whom Nature loved, and to whom she gave the keys of the prison. Alchemist : Who were these wise adepts? loce: There have been very many, and among them Hermes, who was one and the same with the mother of Sulphur. After him there were kings, princes, a long line of Sages, including Aristotle and Avicenna. A]I these delivered Sulphur from his bonds. — A/ciezzst ; What does he give to them for delivering him? — /ozee; When he is set free, he binds his gaolers, and gives their three kingdoms to his deliverer. He also gives to him a magic mirror, in which the three parts of the wisdom of the whole world may be seen and known at a glance: and this mirror clearly exhibits the

creation of the world, the influences of the celestial virtues on earthly things, and the way in which Nature composes substances by the regulation of heat. With its aid, men may at once understand the motion of the Sun and Moon, and that universal movement by which Nature herself is governed—also the various degrees of heat, cold, moisture, and dryness, and the virtues of herbs and of all other things. By its means the physician may at once, without consulting an herbarium, tell the exact composition of any given plant or medicinal herb. But now-a-days men are content to trust to the authority of great writers, and no longer attempt to use their own eyes. They quote Aristotle and Galen, as if there was not much more to be learned from the great Book of Nature which is spread open before them. Know that all things on the earth and under the earth are engendered and produced by the three principles, but sometimes by two, unto which the third, nevertheless, adheres. He who knows these three principles, and their proportions as conjoined by Nature, can tell easily by their greater or less coction, the degrees of heat in each subject, and whether they have been well, badly, or passably cooked. For those who know the three principles know also all vegetables—by sight, taste, and odour, for these senses determine the three principles, and the degree of their decoction. 4/cezzsz :

Master, they say that Sulphur is a Medicine. Joezee: Nay, you might rather call him a physician, and to him who delivers him out of prison, he gives his blood as a Medicine. 4/cZezzst ;: How long can a man ward off death by means of this universal Medicine? J/oeze; Until the time originally appointed. But many Sages who did not take it with proper caution, have died before that time. Alchemist : Do you call it a poison then? /ozee ; Have you not observed that a great flame swallows up a small one? Men, who had received the Art by the teachings of others, thought that the more powerful the dose they took of our Medicine, the more beneficial would be the effect. They did not consider that one grain of it has strength to penetrate many thousand pounds óf metals. 4/cezzst: How then should they have used it? J/ozce ; They ought to have taken only so much as would have strengthened and nourished, without overwhelming, their natural heat. 4/cemst : Master, I know how to make

that Medicine. Vozce: Blessed are you if you do! For the blood of Sulphur is that inward virtue and dryness which congeals quicksilver into gold and imparts health and perfection to all bodies. But the blood of Sulphur is obtained only by those who can deliver him from prison ; and therefore he is so closely imprisoned that he can hardly breathe, lest he should come to the Palace of the King. 4/cezst:; ls he so closely imprisoned in all metals? —J/ozce : In some his imprisonment is less strict than in others. .4ZcZemst: Why, Lord, is he imprisoned in the metals so tyrrannously? oz . Because if he once came unto his royal palace, he would no longer fear his guards. He could look from the windows with freedom, and appear before the whole world, for he would be in his own kingdom, though not in that state of highest power whereto he desires to arrive. 4/cezzst ;: What is his food? — l/ozce : His food is air, in a digested state, when he is free; but in prison he is compelled to consume it in a crude state. A/cLemst ; Master, cannot those quarrels between him and his gaolers be composed? oz: Yes, by a wise and cunning craftsman. Alchemist : Why does he not offer them terms of peace? Voie: He cannot do so by himself: his indignation gets the better of his discretion. 4Zcemzst: Why does he not do so through some commissary ?

Joe: He who could put an end to their strife would be a wise man, and worthy of undying honour. For if they were friends, they would help, instead of hindering each other, and bring íorth immortal things. Alchemist : 1 will gladly undertake the duty of reconciling them. For I am a very learned man,and theycould not resist my practical skill I am a great Sage, and my Alchemistic treatment would quickly bring about the desired end. But tell me, is this the true Sulphur of the Sages? Voie: He is Sulphur ; you ought to know whether he is the Sulphur of the Sages Atchemist: lf I find his prison, shall I be able to deliver him ? Voice: Yes, if you are wise enough to do so. [t is easier to deliver him than to find his prison. A4/cAezzzs? ; When I do find him, shall I be able to make him into the Philosopher's Stone? Voice : | am no prophet. But if you follow his mother's advice, and dissolve the Sulphur, you will have the Stone. AZcemzst : In what substance is this Sulphur to be found? — Voze: In

all substances. All things in the world— metals, herbs, trees, animals, stones, are its ore. A/cAemzst : But out of what substances do the Sages procure it? Voice; My friend, you press me somewhat too closely. ButI may say that though it is everywhere, yet it has certain palaces where the Sages can most conveniently find it ; and they worship it when it swims in its sea and sports with Vulcan (god of fire), though there it is disguised in a most poor garb. Now is it in a dark prison, hidden from sight. But itis one only subject, and if you cannot find it at home you willscarcely do so in the forest. Yet, to give you some heart in your research, I will solemnly assure you that it is most perfect in gold and silver—most easily obtained in quicksilver. With these words Saturn departed, and the Alchemist, being weary with walking, fell into a deep sleep, in which he saw the following vision : He beheld in that grove a spring of water, near which Salt and Sulphur were walking and quarrelling, until at last they began to fight. Salt dealt Sulphur a grevious wound, out of which there flowed, instead of blood, pure, milk-white water, that swelled into a great river. In this river the virgin goddess, Diana, came to bathe; and a certain bold prince, who was passing by, was inflamed with great love towards her ;

which she, perceiving and returning, pretended to be sinking under water. The prince bade his attendants assist her ; but they excused themselves, saying that the river, though it looked small and all but dried up, was most dangerous. * And," said they, * many of those who have passed here before have perished in it" "Then that prince threw off his thick cloak, plunged into the river, and stretched out his arm to save the beautiful Diana; but she grasped it so convulsively that they both sank under watertogether. Soon afterwards their souls were seen rising upward above the water, and they said, * We have done well, for in no other way could we be delivered from our stained and spotted bodies." Aces: (speaking): Will you ever return into those bodies? .Sou/s: Not while they are so polluted—but when they are cleansed, and the river is dried up by the heat of the sun. .4/cemzsií; What do you do in the meantime? Sous: We soar above the water till the storm and the mists cease. ... "Then the Alchemist thought that he

saw a great number of his fellows come to the spot where the body of the Sulphur lay slain by the Salt; and they divided it among themselves, and gave a piece to him also. Then they went home, and began to operate on their (dead) Sulphur, and are at it to this day. Presently Saturn returned, and the Alchemist said: Master, come quickly, I have found Sulphur— help me to make the Stone. .Sazurz: Gladly, my friend. Prepare the quicksilver, and the sulphur, and give me the vessel. Alchemist : Oh, I do not want Mercury. Itisa delusion and a snare, as my friend the other Alchemist discovered to his smart. Saturn: | can do nothing without quicksilver. 4Zeezzst ; Oh no, we will make it of Sulphur only. So they set to work on that piece of dead Sulphur, and sublimed, calcined, and subjected it to all manner of chemical operations. But they produced nothing save little bits of sulphurous tow, such as they use for lighting fires. Then the Alchemist confessed the fruitlessness of his endeavours, and bade Saturn set about the work in his own way. Then Saturn took two kinds of quicksilver, of different substance but one root, washed them with his urine, and called them the sulphurs of sulphurs ; then he mixed the fixed with the volatile, after which he placed them in a proper vessel, and set a watch to prevent the sulphur from escaping ; afterwards he placed them in a bath of very gentle heat—and thus they made the Philosopher's Stone, which must always follow as the outcome of the right substance. Then the Alchemist took it in his hand, admired its beautiful purple colour, and danced about with it, shouting aloud with joy and delight. Suddenly the glass slipped out of his hand and broke into a thousand pieces ; the stone vanished ; and the Alchemist awoke with nothing in his hand but some pieces of sulphurous tow.

There are a good many Alchemists who, having an extremely favourable opinion of themselves, and fancying that they can hear the grass grow, rail against this Art, because they think that if the Stone were not a mere delusion, they could not have failed to find it. We, for our part, are not over anxious to rob these people of their comfortable conviction. But to men who were worthy (men both of high and low degree) we have repeatedly proved the reality of our Art by incontestable ocular evidence. Let me warn those who wish to follow the true method in studying our Art, aiways to read with constant reference to natural facts, and never, under any circumstances, to do anything contrary to Nature. If the Sages say that fire does not burn, they must not believe it; for Nature is greater than the Sages ; but if they say that itis the property of fire to dry and heat things, they will accept this statement, because it is in accordance with the truth of Nature—and the facts of Nature are always simple and plain. If any one came and taught you to make this Stone, as though he were giving you a receipt for making cheese out of milk, hé might speak more plainly than I have done; but I am compelled to veil and conceal my meaning, because of the vow which my Master exacted of me.

My last words shall be addressed to you who have already made some progress in this Art. Have you been where the bridegroom has been married to the bride, and the nuptials were celebrated in the house of Nature? Have you heard how the vulgar have seen this Sulphur, as much as have you who have taken such pains to seek it? f you wish that even old women should practise your philosophy, shew the dealbation of these sulphurs, and say openly to the common people: Behold, the water is divided, and the Sulphur has gone forth; when it returns it will be whiter than snow, and will congeal the water. Burn the Sulphur with imcombustible sulphur, wash it, and make it white and purple. until the Sulphur becemes Mercury, and the Mercury Sulphur, and you can proceed to quicken it with the soul of gold. Our Mercury must be corrected by means of Sulphur—otherwise it is unprofitable. A prince without a people is a wretched sight—and so is an Alchemist without Sulphur and Mercury. If you understand me, I have spoken. 'The Alchemist went home, bewailed the broken Stone, and his folly in not asking Saturn about the Salt of the Sages, and the way of distinguishing between it and ordinary salt. The rest he related to his wife.

Every student of this Art should first carefully read what is said—in this and other Treatises—about the creation, operation, properties, and effects of the four elements ; otherwise he cannot apprehend the nature of the three principles, or find the substance of the Stone, or understand its development. God has created the elements out of chaos ; Nature has evolved the three principles out of the elements ; and out of these principles she makes all things, and gives power to her beloved disciples to produce marvellous preparations. If Nature produces metals out of the principles, Art must follow her example. It is one of the rules of Nature to act through intermediate substances ; and this book should enable the student to judge what substances are intermediate between the elements and metals, and between metals and the Stone. The difference between gold and water is great, that between water and mercury not so great, and that between gold and mercury very small, for mercury is the habitation of gold, water the habitation of mercury, and sulphur is that which coagulates mercury. The whole arcanum lies hidden in the Sulphur of the Sages, which is also contained in the inmost part of their Mercury, which has to be prepared in a certain way that shall be described on another occasion.

I have not written this Treatise with the object of refuting the ancient Sages, but only for the purpose of correcting, explaining, and supplementing their statements. After all, they were only men, and they sometimes did make assertions which can now no longer be maintained. For instance, when Albertus Magnus says that gold was once found to have developed in the teeth of a dead man, he is out of harmony with the possibilities of Nature; for an animal substance can never develop into a mineral It is true that animals and vegetables contain sulphur and mercury, as well as minerals; but these principles are animal and vegetable, not mineral If there were no animal sulphur in man, the mercury of his blood could not be congealed into flesh and bones ; and if plants contained no vegetable sulphur, their mercury or water (sap) would not be congealed into leaves and flowers. "The three kinds of sulphur are essentially the same, but, like the three mercuries, they are differentiated according to the three kingdoms, and cannot act outside their own kingdoms. Each kind of mercury can be coagulated by none but its own sulphur, and if gold was found in the teeth of a dead man, it must have been introduced in an artificial manner—either as gold, or in the shape of some other metal which

by the gradual action of its own metallic sulphur on its metallic mercury, was afterwards transmuted into gold. t is mistaken impressions and superstitious notions, like this one of Albertus Magnus, that we have set ourselves to correct in this Treatise, by stating once for all the true facts of animal, vegetable, and mineral development. Let the painstaking student be satisfied to have received a true account of the origin of the Threc Principles. There is no greater help towards a successful end than a good beginning. I have in this Treatise started the student on the right road, and given him clear and practical directions. With God's blessing, and by dint of diligent and persevering study, he may now fairly hope to reach the glorious goal. ButlI, having told out all that is lawful for me to utter, now commit myself to the mercy of a loving Creator, who will receive me to Himself; and I commend the gentle and pious Reader to the same great Father of All, to whom be praise and glory, through the endless succession of the ages. AN OPBN BNTIRANCIE (150 529p 9 ACT OC y BY AUN. UASNOOUNCYOMUO)U.S. S. AVGAB AUN UD [P OSVSBSIRSSOSRSSERSUMRBIEDS

TqACOBIS QR UCONTEN TS. Chapter r. 7 2: Of the need of Sulphur for producing this Elixir. Of the Component Principles of the Mercury of the Sages. Of the Chalybs of the Sages. Of the Magnet of the Sages. Of the Chaos of the Sages. Of the Air of the Sages. Of the first Operation—Preparation of Mercury by means of the Flying Eagles. Of the Difficulty and Length of the First Operation. Of the Superiority of our Mercury over all Metals. Of the Sulphur which is in the Mercury of the Sages. Concerning the Discovery of the Perfect Magistery. The Generic Method of Making the Perfect Magistery. Of the Use of Mature Sulphur in the Work of the Elixir. Of the Circumstantial and Accidental Requisites of our Art. Of the Incidental Purgation of Mercury and Gold. Of the Amalgam of Mercury and Gold, and of their respective Proportions. Concerning the Size, Form, Material, and Mode of Securing the Vessel. Of the Furnace, or Athanor of the Sages. L 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. cun 92: 33: 3435- Of the Progress of the Work during the First 4o Days. Of the Appearance of Blackness in the Work of the Sun and Moon. .

Of the Caution required to avoid Burning the Flowers. Of the Regimen of Saturn. Of the Different Regimens of this Work. Of the First Regimen, which is that of Mercury. Of the Regimen of the Second Part, which is that of Saturn. Of the Regimen of Jupiter. Of the Regimen of the Moon. Of the Regimen of Venus. Of the Regimen of Mars. Of the Regimen of the Sun. Of the Fermentation of the Stone. The Imbibition of the Stone. 'The Multiplication of the Stone. Of the manifold Uses of this Art. TUER DAVID POTIS QUIS S SPPRSESOEUTASC Br philosopher, have decreed to write this little treatise of medicinal, chemical, and physical arcana, in the year 1645 ! after the Birth of Christ, and in the 23rd year of my age, to assist in conducting my straying brethren out of the labyrinth of error, and with the further object of making myself known to other Sages, holding aloft a torch which may be visible far and wide to those who are groping in the darkness of ignorance. The contents of this Book are not fables, but real experiments which I have seen, touched, and handled, as an adept will easily conclude from these lines. I have written more plainly about this Art than any of my predecessors ; sometimes I have found myself on the very verge of breaking my vow, and once or twice had to lay down my pen for a season ;

but I could not resist the inward prompting of God, which impelled me to persevere in the most loving course, who alone knows the heart, and to whom only beglorv for ever. Hence, I undoubtedly gather that in this last age of the world, many will become blessed by this arcanum, through what I have thus faithfully written, for I have not willingly left anything doubtful to the youug beginner. I know many who with me do enjoy this secret, and am persuaded that many more will also rejoice in its possession. Let the holy Will of God perform what it pleases, though 1 confess myself an unworthy instrument through whom such great things should be effected.

| BEING an anonymous adept, a lover of learning, and a DX E» — i do o PORE Ed GEIDAPIUSIRCSE Of the need of Sulphur for producing the Exi. HOEVER wishes to possess this secret Golden / Fleece, which has virtue to transmute metals into gold, should know that our Stone is nothing but gold digested to the highest degree of purity and subtle fixation to which it can be brought by Nature and the highest effort of Art; and this gold thus perfected is called * our gold," no longer vulgar, and is the ultimate goal of Nature. These words, though they may be surprising to some of my readers, are true, as I, an adept, bear witness ; and though overwise persons entertain chimerical dreams, Nature herself is most wonderfully simple. Gold, then, is the one true principle of purification. . But our gold is twofold ; one kind is mature and fixed, the yellow Latten, and its heart or centre is pure fire, whereby it is kept from destruction, and only purged in the fire. This gold is our male, and it is sexually joined to a more crude white gold—the female seed: the two together being indissolubly united, constitute our fruitful Hermaphrodite. We are told by the Sares that corporal gold is dead, until it be conjoined with its bride, with whom the coagulating sulphur, which in gold is outwards, must be turned inwards. Hence it follows that the substance which we require is Mercury.

Concerning this substance, Geber uses the following words : ** Blessed be the Most High God who created ZZercury,and made it an all-prevailing substance. And it is true that unless we had Mercury, Alchemists might still boast themselves, but all their boasting would be vain. Hence it is clear that our Mercury is not common mercury ; forall common mercury is a male that is corporal, specific, and dead, while our Mercury is spiritual, female,living, and life-giving. ^ Attend closely to what I say about our Mercury, which is the salt of the wise men. The Alchemist who works without it is like a man who draws a bow

without a string. Yet it is found nowhere in a pure state above ground, but has to be extracted by a cunning process out of the substance i in which it exists. (OIEIVASDATEBVR SEINS Of the Component Principles of the Mercury of the Sages. Let those who aim to purify Mercury by means of salts, faces, and other foreign bodies, and by strange chemical processes, understand that though our water is variously composed, it is yet only oze thing, formed by the concretion of divers substances of the same essence. The components of our water are fire, the vegetable * Saturnian liquid," and the bond of Mercury. "The fire is that of mineral Sulphur, which yet can be called neither mineral nor metallic, but partakes of both characters: it is a chaos or spirit, because our fiery Dragon, that overcomes all things, is yet penetrated by the odour of the Saturnian liquid, its blood growing together with the Saturnian sap into one body which is yet neither a body (since it is all volatile) nor a spirit (since in fire it resembles melted metal). It may thus be very properly described as chaos, or the mother of all metals. From this chaos I can extract everything —even the Sun and Moon— without the transmutatory Elixir. It is called our Arsenic, our Air, our Moon, our Magnet, and our Chalybs: these names representing the different stages of its development, even unto the manifestation of the kingly diadem, which is cast out of the menstruum of our harlot. Learn, then, who are the friends of Cadmus ; who is the serpent that devoured them ; what the hollow oak to which Cadmus spitted the serpent. Learn who are the doves of Diana, that overcome the green lion by gentleness: even the Babylonian dragon, which kills everything with its venom. Learn, also, what are the winged shoes of Mercury, and who are those nymphs whom he charms by means of his incantations.

Concernzng the Chalybs of the Sages. Our Chalybs is the true key of our Art, without which the Torch could in no wise be kindled, and as the true magi have delivered many things concerning it, so among vulgar alchemists there is great contention as to its nature. It is the ore of gold, the purest of all spirits ; a secret, infernal, and yet most volatile fire, the wonder of the world, the result of heavenly virtues in the lower world—for which reason the Almighty has assigned to it a most glorious and rare heavenly conjunction, even that notable sign whose nativity is declared in the East. "This star was seen by the wise men of old, and straightway they knew that a Great King was born in the world. When you see its constellation, follow it to the cradle, and there you will behold a beautiful Infant Remove the impurities, look upon the face of. the King's Son ; open your treasury, give to him gold, and after his death he will bestow on you his flesh and blood, the highest Medicine in the three monarchies of the earth. (OEIPASPADBSROSDVS Of the Magnet of the Sages. As steel is attracted towards the magnet, dnd the magnet turns towards the steel, so also our Magnet attracts our Chalybs. Thus, as Chalybs is the ore of gold, so our Magnet is the true ore of our Chalybs. "The hidden centre of our Magnet abounds in Salt, which Salt is the menstruum in the Sphere of the Moon, and can calcine gold. This centre turns towards the Pole with an archetic appetite, in which the virtue of the Chalybs is exalted into degrees. In the Pole is the heart of Mercury, the true fire (in which is the rest of its Master), sailing through this great sea that it may arrive at both the Indies, and direct its course by the aspect of the North Star, which our Magnet will manifest.

(EIVATPADISRC OV? Of the Chaos of the Sages. Let the student incline his ear to the united verdict of the Sages, who describe this work as analogous to the Creation of the World. In the Beginning God created Heaven and Earth ; and the Earth was without form and void, and the Spirit of. God moved upon the face of the waters. And God said, * Let there be light," and there was light. ^ These words are sufficient for the student of our Art. The Heaven must be united to the Earth on the couch of friendship ; so shall he reign in glory for ever. The Earth is the heavy body, the womb of the minerals, which it cherishes in itself, although it brings to light trees and animals. The Heaven is the place where the great Lights revolve, and through the air transmit their influences to the lower world. But in the beginning all was one confused chaos. Our Chaos is, as it were, a mineral earth (by virtue of its coagulation) and yet also volatile air—in the cezzre of which is the Heaven of the Sages, the Astral Centre, which with its light irradiates the earth to its surface. What man is wise enough to evolve out of this world a new King, who shall redeem his brothers from their natural weaknesses, by dying, being lifted on high, and giving his flesh and blood for the life of the world? I thank Thee, O God, that Thou hast concealed these things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes !

(OEIVASPADIESSERVAIE Of the Air of the Sages. Our air, like the air of the firmament, divides the waters ; and as the waters under the firmament are visible to us mortals, while we are unable to see the waters above the firmament, so in *our work" we see the extracentral mineral waters, but are unable to see those which, though hidden within, nevertheless have a real existence. "They exist but do not appear until it please the Artist, as the author of the /Vezw LzgA£ has testified. Our air keeps the extracentral waters from mingling with those at the centre. If through the removal of this impediment, they were enabled to mingle, their union would be indissoluble. Therefore the external vapours and burning sulphur do stiffly adhere to our chaos, and unable to resist its tyranny, the pure flies away from the fire in the form of a dry powder. This then should be your great object. The arid earth must be irrigated, and its pores softened with water of its own kind ; then this thief with all the workers of iniquity will be cast out, the water will be purged of its leprous stain by the addition of true

Sulphur, and you will have the Spring whose waters are sacred to the maiden Queen Diana. This thief is armed with all the malignity of arsenic, and is feared and eschewed by the winged youth. Though the Central Water be his Spouse, yet the youth cannot come to her, until Diana with the wings of her doves purges the poisonous air, and opens a passage to the bridal chamber. "Then the youth enters easily through the pores, presently shaking the waters above, and stirring up a rude and ruddy cloud. Do thou, O Diana, bring in the water over him, even unto the brightness of the Moon! So the darkness on the face of the abyss will be dispersed by the spirit moving in the waters. Thus, at the bidding of God, light will appear on the Seventh Day, and then this sophic creating of Mercury shall be completed, from which time, until the revolution of the year, you may wait for the birth of the marvellous Child of the Sun, who will come to deliver his brethren from every stain. Of the Fzrst Operation-——Preparation of Mercury. by means of the Flying Eagles. Know, my brother, that the exact preparation of the Eagles of the Sages, is the highest effort of our Art. In this first section of our work, nothing is to be done without hard and persevering toil; though it is quite true that afterwards the substance develops under the influence of gentle heat without any imposition of hands.

"The Sages tell us that their Eagles must be taken to devour the Lion, and that they gain the victory all the sooner if they are very numerous ; also that the number of the work varies between 7 and 9. The Mercury of the Sages is the Bird of Hermes (now called a goose, now a pheasant) But the Eagles are always mentioned in the plural, and number from 3to IO. Yet this is not to be understood as if there should be so many weights or parts of the water to one of the earth, but the water must be taken so oftentimes acuated or sharpened as there are Eagles numbered. This acuation is made by sublimation. There is, then, one sublimation of the Mercury of the Sages, when one Eagle is mentioned, and the seventh sublimation will so strengthen your Mercury, that the Bath of your King will be

ready. . . Let me tell you now how this part of the work is performed. Take 4 parts of our fiery Dragon, in whose belly is hidden the magic Chalybs, and 9 parts of our Magnet; mingle them by means of a fierce fire, in the form of a mineral water, the foam of which must be taken away. Remove the shell, and take the kernel. Purge what remains once more by means of fire and the Sun, which may be done easily if Saturn shall have scen himself in the mirror of Mars. Then you will obtain our Chameleon, or Chaos, in which all the virtues of our Art are potentially present. This is the infant Hermaphrodite, who, through the bite of a mad dog, has been rendered so fearful of water, that though of a kindred nature, it always eschews and avoids it. But in the grove of Diana are two doves that soothe its rabid madness if applied by the art of the nymph Mercury. Take it and plunge it under water til it perish therein; then the rabid and black dog will appear panting and half suffocated— drive him down with vigorous blows, and the darkness will be dispelled. Give it wings when the Moon is full, and it will ly away as an Eagle,leaving the doves of Diana dead (though, when first taken they should be living). HRepeat this seven times, and your work is done; the gentle coction which follows is child's play and a woman's work.

(/GIPASDATSESIS SES VATIIMIE Of the Difficulty and Length of the Fzrst Operatzon. Some Alchemists fancy that the work from beginning to end is a mere idle entertainment ; but those who make it so will reap what they have sown—viz, nothing. We know that next to the Divine Blessing, and the discovery of the proper foundation, nothing is so important as unwearied industry and perseverance in this First Operation. Itis no wonder, then, that so many students of this Art are reduced to beggary ; they are afraid of work, and look upon our Art as mere sport for their leisure moments. For no labour is more tedious than that which the preparatory part of our enterprise demands. Morienus earnestly entreats the King to consider this fact, and says that many Sages have complained of the tedium of our work. * To render a chaotic mass orderly," says the Poet, *is matter of much time and labour "—and the noble author of the Hermetical Arcanum describes it as an Herculean task. There are so many impurities clinging to our first substance, and a most powerful intermediate agent is required for the purpose of eliciting from our polluted menstruum the Royal Diadem. But when you have once prepared your Mercury, the most formidable part of your task is accomplished, and you may indulge in that rest which is sweeter than any work, as the Sage says.

CLLATDTER LX. On the Superiority of our. Mercury over All. Metals. Our Mercury is that Serpent which devoured the companions of Cadmus, after having first swallowed Cadmus himself, though he was farstronger than they. Yet Cadmus will one day transfix this Serpent, when he has coagulated it with his Sulphur. Know that this, our Mercury, is a King among metals, and dissolves them by changing their Sulphur into a kindred mercurial substance. The Mercury of one, two, or three eagles bears rule over Saturn, Jupiter, and Venus. The Mercury of from three to seven eagles sways the Moon ; that of ten eagles has power over the Sun ; our Mercury is nearer than any other unto the first es of metals; it has power to enter metallic bodies, and to manifest On the Sulphur wwiuch is zn the Mercury of the Sages. It is a marvellous fact that our Mercury contains ac/zve Sulphur, and yet preserves the form and all the properties of Mercury. Hence it is necessary that a form be introduced therein by our preparation, which form is a metallic sulphur. This Sulphur is the inward fire which causes the putrefaction of the composite Sun. This sulphureous fire is the spiritual seed which our Virgin (still remaining immaculate) has conceived. For an uncorrupted virginity admits of a spiritual love, as experience and authority affirm. — The two (the passive and the active principle) combined we call our Hermaphrodite. When

joined to the Sun, it softens, liquefies, and dissolves it with gentle heat. By means of the same fire it coagulates itself ; and by its coagulation produces the Sun. Our pure and homogeneous Mercurv, having conceived inward Sulphur (through our Art), coagulates itself under the influence of gentle outward heat, like the cream of milk—a subtle earth floating on the water. When it is united to the Sun, it is not only not coagulated, but the composite substance becomes softer day by day ; the bodies are almost dissolved ; and the spirits begin to be coagulated, with a black colour and a most fetid smell. Hence it appears that this spiritual metallic Sulphur is in truth the zzoevzug frznczple zn our Art; it is really volatile or unmatured gold, and by proper digestion is changed into that metal. If joined to perfect gold, it is not coagulated, but dissolves the corporal gold, and remains with it, being dissolved, under one form, although before the perfect union death must precede, that so they may be united after death, not simply in a perfect unity, but in a thousand times more than perfect perfection. (OIBIPASDADEBAISSESXCIE Concerning the Discovery of the Perfect Magistery.

There are those who think that this Art was first discovered by Solomon, or rather imparted to him by Divine Revelation. But though there is no reason for doubting that so wise and profoundly learned a sovereign was acquainted with our Art, yet we happen to know that he was not the first to acquire the knowledge. It was possessed by Hermes, the Egyptian, and some other Sages before him; and we may suppose that they first sought a simple exaltation of imperfect metals into regal perfection, and that it was at first their endeavour to develop Mercury, which is most like to gold in its weight and properties, into perfect gold. "This, however, no degree of ingenuity could effect by any fire, and the truth gradually broke on their minds that an internal heat was required as well as an external one. So they rejected aqua fortis and all corrosive solvents, after long experiments with the same—also all salts, except that kind which is the first substance of all salts, which dissolves all metals and coagulates Mercury, but not without violence, whence that kind of agent is again separated entire, both in weight and virtue, from the things it is applied to. "They saw that the digestion of Mercury was prevented by certain aqueous crudities and earthy dross ; and that the zadzca/ nature of these impurities rendered their elimination impossible, except by the complete inversion of the whole compound.

"They knew that Mercury would become fixed if it could be freed from their defiling presence—as it contains fermenting sulphur, which is only hindered by these impurities from coagulating the whole mercurial body. At length they discovered that Mercury, in the bowels of the earth, was intended to become a metal, and that the process of development was only stopped by the impurities with which it had become tainted. They found that that which should be active in the Mercury was passive; and that its infirmity could not be remedied by any means, except the introduction of some kindred principle from without. Such a principle they discovered in metallic sulphur, which stirred up the passive sulphur in the Mercury, and by allying itself with it, expelled the aforesaid impurities. But in seeking to accomplish this practically, they were met by another great difficulty. In order that this sulphur might be effectual in purifying the Mercury, it was indispensable that it should itself be pure. All their efforts to purify it, however, were doomed to failure. At length they bethought them that it might possibly be found somewhere in Nature in a purified condition—and their search was crowned with success. They sought active sulphur in a pure state, and found it cunningly concealed in the House of the Ram. This sulphur mingled most eagerly with the offspring of Saturn, and the desired effect was speedily produced—after the malignant venom of the *' air " of Mercury had been tempered (as already set forth at some length) by the Doves of Venus.

Then life was joined to life by means of theliquid ; the dry was moistened ; the passive was stirred into action by the active; the dead was revived by the living. The heavens were indeed temporarily clouded over, but after a copious downpour of rain, serenity was restored. Mercury emerged in a hermaphroditic state. Then they placed it in the fire; in no long time they succeeded in coagulating it, and in its coagulation they found the Sun and the Moon in a most pure state. Then they considered that, before its coagulation,

this Mercury was not a metal, since, on being volatilised, it left no residue at the bottom of the distilling vessel ; hence they called it unmatured gold and their living (or quick) silver. [t also occurred to them that if gold were sown, as it were, in the soil of its own first substance, its excellence would probably be enhanced ; and when they placed gold therein, the fixed was volatilised, the hard softened, the coagulated dissolved, to the amazement of Nature herself For this reason they wedded these two to each other, put them in a still over the fire, and for many days regulated the heat in accordance with the requirements of Nature. "Thus the dead was revived, the body decayed, and a glorified spirit rose from the grave; the soul was exalted into the Quintessence,——the Universal Medicine for animals, vegetables, and minerals. CHAPTER XII. The Generic Method of Making the Perfect Magzstery. The greatest secret of our operation is no other than a cohobation of the nature of one thing above the other, until the most digested virtue be extracted out of the digested body of the crude one. But there are hereto requisite: Firstly, an exact measurement and preparation of the ingredients required ; secondly, an. exact fulfilment of all external conditions ; thirdly a proper regulation of the fire; fourthly, a good knowledge of the natural properties of the substances ; and fifthly, patience, in order that the work may not be marred by overgreat haste. Of all these points we will now speak in their proper order.

(EIVASDATUEYRSSEXSDINS Of the Use of Mature Sulphur zn the Wor& of the Elzxir. We have spoken of the need of Mercury, and have described its properties more plainly and straightforwardly than has ever been done before. God knows that we do not grudge the knowledge of this Art to our brother men ; and weare not afraid that it can ever become the property of any unworthy person. So long as the secret is possessed by a comparatively small number of philosophers, their lot is anything but a bright and happy one ; surrounded as we are on every side by the cruel greed and the prying suspicion of the multitude, we are doomed, like Cain, to wander over the earth homeless and friendless. Not for us are the soothing influences of domestic happiness; not for us the delightful confidences of friendship. Men who covet our golden secret pursue us from place to place, and fear closes our lips, when love tempts us to open ourselves freely to a brother. Thus we feel prompted at times to burst forth into the desolate exclamation of Cain: * Whoever finds me will slay me" Yet we are not the murderers of our brethren ; we are anxious only to do good to our fellow-men. But even our kindness and charitable compassion are rewarded with black ingratitude— ingratitude that cries to heaven for vengeance. It was only a short time ago that, after visiting the plague-stricken haunts of a certain city, and restoring the sick to perfect health by means of my miraculous medicine, I found myself surrounded by a yelling mob, who demanded that I should give to them my Elixir of the Sages ;

and it was only by changing my dress and my name, by shaving off my beard and putting on a wig, that I was enabled to save my life, and escape from the hands of those wicked men. And even when our lives are not threatened, it is not pleasant to find ourselves, wherever we go, the central objects of human greed. . . . I know of several persons who were found strangled in their beds, simply because they were suspected of possessing this secret, though, in reality, they knew no more about it than their murderers; it was enough for some desperate ruffans, that a mere whisper of suspicion had been breathed against their victims. Men are so eager to have this Medicine that your very caution will arouse their suspicions, and endanger your safety. Again, if you desire to sell any large quantity of your gold and silver, you will be unable to do so without imminent risk of discovery. The very fact that anyone has a great mass of bullion for sale would in most places excite suspicion. This feeling will be strengthened when people test the quality of our gold ; for it is much finer and purer than any of the gold which is brought from Barbary, or from the Guinea Coast; and our silver is better even than that which is conveyed home by the Spanish silver fleet. If, in order to baffle discovery, you mix these

precious metals with alloy, you render yourself liable, in England and Holland at least, to capital punishment; for in those countries no one is permitted to tamper with the precious metals, except the officers of the mint, and the licensed goldsmiths. I remember once going, in the disguise of a foreign merchant, to a goldsmith's shop, and offering him 600 pounds worth of our pure silver for sale. He subjected it to the usual tests, and then said : * This silver is artificially prepared." When I asked him why he thought so, his answer was: *I am not a novice in my profession, and know very well the exact quality of the silver which is brought from the different mines" When I heard these words I took myself away with great secrecy and dispatch, leaving the silver in the hands of the goldsmith. On this account, and by reason of the many and great difficulties which beset us, the possessors of this Stone, on every side, we do elect to remain hidden, and "will communicate the Art to those who are worthily covetous of our secrets, and then mark what public good will befall. Without Sulphur, our Mercury would never be properly coagulated for our supernatural work ; it is the male substance, while Mercury may be called the female; and all Sages say that no tincture can be made without its latten, which latten is gold, without any double speaking.

Wise men, notwithstanding, can find this substance even on the dunghill; but the ignorant are unable to discern it even in gold. The tincture of gold is concealed in the gold of the Sages, which is the most highly matured of bodies; but as a raw material it exists only in our Mercury ; and it (gold) receives from Mercury the multiplication of its seed, but in virtue rather than in weight. "The Sages say that common gold is dead, while their's is living; and common gold is dead in the same sense in which a grain of wheat is dead, while it is surrounded by dry air; and comes to life, swells, softens, and germinates only when it is put into moist earth. In this sense gold, too, is dead, so long as it is surrounded by the corporeal husk, always allowing, of course, for the great difference between a vegetable grain and metallic gold. Ou grain is quickened in zoazer only ; and as wheat, while it remains in the barn is called grain, and is not destined to be quickened, because it is to be used for bread making—but changes its name, when

MCODEN. EN T ASMUVGB. jt) it is sown in the field, and is then called seedcorn ; so our gold, while it is in the form of rings, plate, and coins, is called cozzzoz gold, because in that state it is likely to remain unchanged to the end of the world ; but ozezzza//y it is even then the gold of the Sages, because if sown in its own proper element, it would in a few days become the Chaos of the Sages. — Hence the Sages bid you revive the dead (Ze. the gold which already appeared doomed to a living death) and mortify the living, ze, the Mercury which, imparting life to the gold, is itself deprived of the vital principle. "Their gold is taken in a dead, their water in a living, state, and by their composition and brief coction, the dead gold revives and the living Mercury dies, Ze, the spirit is coagulated, the body is dissolved, and thus both putrefy together, until all the members of the compound are torn into atoms. 'The mystery of our Art, which we conceal with so great care, is the preparation of the Mercury, which above ground is not to be found made ready to our hand. But when it is prepared, it is *our water" in which gold is dissolved, whereby the latent life of the gold is set free, and receives the life of the dissolving Mercury, which is to gold what good earth is to the grain of wheat.

When the gold has putrefied in the Mercury, there arises out of the decomposition of death a new body, of the same essence, but of a glorified substance. Here you have the whole of our Philosophy in a nutshell There is no secret about it,except the preparation of Mercury, its mingling with the gold in the right proportions, and the regulation of the fire in accordance with its requirements. Gold by itself does not fear the fire ; hence the great point is, to temper the heat to the capacity of the Mercury. Ifthe Mercury is not properly prepared, the gold remains common gold, being joined with an improper agent ; it continues unchanged, and no degree of heat will help it to put off its corporeal nature. Without our Mercury the seed (Ze. gold) cannot be sown ; and if gold is not sown in its proper element, it cannot be quickened any more than the corn which the West Indians keep underground, in air-tight stone jars, can germinate. I know that some self-constituted * Sages" will take exception to this teaching, and say that common gold and running Mercury are not the substance of our Stone. But one question will suffice to silence their objections: Have they ever actually VOL, II. M

prepared our Tincture? I have prepared it more than once, and daily have it in my power ; hence I1 may perhaps be permitted to speak as one having authority. Go on babbling about your rain water collected in May, your Salts, your sperm * which is more potent than the foul fiend himself," ye self-styled philosophers; rail at me, if you like; all you say is conclusively refuted by this one fact—you cannot make the Stone. When I say that gold and Mercury are the only substances of our Stone, I know what I am writing about ; and the Searcher of all hearts knows also that I say true. The time has arrived when we may speak more freely about this Art. For Elias the artist is at hand, and glorious things are already spoken of the City of God. I possess wealth sufficient to buy the whole world —but as yet I may not use it on account of the craft and cruelty of wicked men. [It is not from jealousy that I conceal as much as I do: God knows that I am weary of this lonely, wandering life, shut out from the bonds of friendship, and almost from the face of God. ] do not worship the golden calf, before which our Israelites bow low to the ground; let it be ground to powder like the brazen serpent. I hope that in a few years gold (not as given by God, but as abused by man) will be so common that those who are now so mad after it, shall contemptuously spurn aside this bulwark of Antichrist.

Then will the day of our deliverance be at hand when the streets of the new Jerusalem are paved with gold, and its gates are made of great diamonds. The day is at hand when, by means of this my Book, gold will have become as common as dirt; when we Sages shall find rest for the soles of our feet, and render fervent thanks to God. My heart conceives unspeakable things, and is enlarged for the good of the Israel of God. These words I utter forth with a herald's clarion tones. My Book is the precursor of Elias, designed to prepare the Royal way of the Master ; and would to God that by its means all men might become adepts in our Art—íor then gold, the great idol of mankind, would lose its value, and we should prize it only for its scientific teaching. "Virtue would be loved for its own sake. I am familiar with many possessors of this Art who regard silence as the great point of bonour. But I have been enabled by God to take a different view of the matter ; and I firmly believe that [ can best serve the Israel of